Archangel (Arkhanelsk) is primarily a timber and fishing centre but also offers a fascinating glimpse into the 16th and 17th century Russia. Situated in the northwest on the river Dvina River near to the mouth of the White Sea, Arkhanelsk offers great fortresses, the Dvina fortress (1701-05) and the fort-like Merchant Yards (1668-84). Due to advanced icebreakers this major seaport remains open throughout the year.